Fluid compressor



Feb. 7, 1928.

1,658,224 J. o. CARRE-:Y

FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed octu 24, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet, l

.l UTI @L *67 M Car/ey Feb. 7, 1928.

J. O. CARREY FLUID COMPRESSOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 24, 1924 J. O. CARREY FLUID comrmssonl Filed oct; l24, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 w u/, www@ 7 w Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,224

J. O. CARREY FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed OCT. 24, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 25206/22202 @lo/222 d Caf/"ey Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,224

J. o. CARREY FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed Oct. 24, 1.924 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 46 ya' J6 /j gli? J2 Z J7 L. :Q Y 4.5 Q s fz J/ F 47 42.5 W, JK 47 l? lie/Z502 Patented Feb. 7, 1928.

UNITED .STATES l 1,658,224 PATENT oFFlcE.

JOHN O. CARREY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO CARREY-MORSE ENGINEER- ING COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, .A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

TLUID COMPRESSOR.

Application filed October 2.4, 1 924. vSerialv No. 745,655.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in fluid compressors and the objects ot' the invention are to provide acornpressor which is compact in size, occupies little space, is quiet in operation, and is of strong and durable construction, therebyreducing to minimum the liability of getting out of order and disabling the apparatus in conjunction with which it is used.

Further objects of the invention are to provide a compressor wherein the operating parts are enclosed and sealed in a casing and which is actuated by means of a driving shaft projecting through the wall of the casino and provided with a seal which success# fully prevents leakage of the fluid from said casing and thereby make said compressor particularly desirable for use in connection with refrigerating systems.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a compressor operable at low speed and actuated by driving mechanism which is etlicient and noiseless in operation and to provide an automatic clutching vmeans and a fly wheel interposed between the compressor and the motor and adapted to effect driving connection therebetween when the motor reaches its proper speed.

Still further objects ofthe invention are to provide a compressor having a piston provided with a valve cooperatively -mounted thereon and operable to control the compression ot the fluid, said valve being automatic in its action, thereby dispensing with the use of springs and eliminating noises incidental thereto.

lVith these and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features oi" construction and arrangement ot parts, hereinafter more vfully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical cross section taken through the compressor.

Figure 9. is a vertical cross section taken at. right angles to Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal cross section taken on line of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the lines of torce exerted by the eccentrics againstA the bearing blocks.

Figure 5 is a det-ail view showing the connections between t-he upper ends ot the tie rods and the respective bearing block.

Figure G is a detail view showing the adjustable connection with the lower ends of the tie rods with the corresponding bearing block.

Figure 7 is a vertical cross section through the upper end of the cylinder and the piston and showing the valves in position at the completion of the upward movement of line 10-10 of Figure 7 Figure 11 is a perspective detail View of the piston valve.

Figure 12 is a the piston.

Figure 13 is a perspective detail one of the bearing blocks. v

Figure 14 is a perspective detail view of view of the bearing strip which is detachably mount- 80 ed in the bearing blocks.

Figure 15 is a vertical cross section taken longitudinally of the worm shaft sho-wing the bearings and seal therefor.

Figure 16 is a vertical cross section through the fly wheel and the clutching means used for effecting driving connection between themotor shaft and the worm shaft.

Figure 17 is a vertical section taken on line 17-17 of Figure 16. l

Fig. 18 shows a modified form of the actuating mechanism.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low speed compressor designed especially for operating domestic refrigerating systems which compressor is so designed as to require little attention, is noiseless in operation, and hasta positive seal so as to prevent at all times the compressible medium or refrigerant from escaping to the atmosphere. A compressor designed for this class of work has to be compact in size So as to occupy very little space and can be placed on top of the refrigerator when so desired and is portable so that it may be readily moved from place to place. Furthermore, such a compressor must be so constructed as to eliminate all unnecessary vibration and noises so that it vwill not annoy the occupants of the apartment.

In' view of its location in the apartment, it

perspective detail view of' must be hermetically sealed to prevent the escape of the refrigerant into the rooms and v consequently must contain as few joints or openings as possible. and hence must be 4properly sealed in order to eliminate the f tion which does not permit the fluid con tained in the casing to work through the i shaft bearings outwardly from the casing.

Referring by numerals to the accompanymg drawings, indicates aclrcular casing provided at its lower end with a tubular extension 11 which is detachably seated on a circular base 12 having. a shoulderedl seat 12al for receiving the lower end of said tubular extension. A packing 14 is pro vided to seal the joint between the base and said tubular extension.

A cylinder 15 is formed integral with casing 10 and is diametrically opposed to tubular extension 14. The lower end of this cylinder opens into th-e casing and the upper end of said cylinder is closed by a cylinder head or plate 16. Operating in cylinder 15 is a tubular piston 17, the innerfor lower end of which is provided with a series of inlet openings 18 which establish communication between the piston and the casing. The outer end of the piston is closed by a cap valve or head 19 which is movably mounted thereon and has a lost mot-ion connection there` with, by means of a. ring 20 which is seated in groove formed in the inner face of the peripheral wall of the valve and operates in an annular groove 21 formed in the reduced annulus of piston 17. The end wall of valve 19 is provided with .a series of concentrically disposed apertures 22 which are arranged in alignment with the annular edge of the piston andare closed thereby lwhen the valve occupies seated or home position. A ring 24 formed of fiber or other suitable material is disposed in a groove formed in the inner faoe of the end wall of valve 19 and said ring is adapted to engage the annular edge of the pistonvwhen the valve is moved to its home position, thereby serving as a cushioning or silencing means and eliminating all noises or vibrations which might otherwise be produced when the valve would be brought against the annular edge of the piston.

The end of cylinder 15 which extends above the end of piston 17 isl enlarged in diameter as indicated at 15EL to form a pressure chamber 25 and operating in this lchamber and adapted to be seated on annu lar shoulder 15b is a discharge valve 26. This discharge valve is in the form of a disk as shown in Figure 10 and is provided 1n its periphery with notches 26EL andis formed in its upper face wit-h a recess 26b disposed recess 26b and hence outwardly through the discharge pipe 27 which is seated in the head 16. The piston receives reciprocating motion through an eccentric 28 which is loosely mounted on stud shaft 29. This shaft is carried by means of screws 30 Iseated in the end plates 31 of casing 10 and said shafthas its ends seated in seats 31 formed on and projecting inwardly from end plates 31. Thus the screws 30 are relieved of all strain and serve merely to detachably hold the shaft in position. Eccentric 28 is provided with a ring 82, preferably made of steel and loosely mounted on the periphery of said eccentric. This ring engages at its diametrically opposed points bearing blocks 34 and 25 which arecarried by or formed integral with disks 36 and 37, respectively. Disk 36 is fixed to the lower end of piston 17 and disk 37 is fixed to th-e upper end of a plunger or guide 38 which is' slidably mounted in a guideway 12b formed integral with and projecting upwardly from base 12. Blocks 84 and 85 are provided with bearing pieces 39 which are engaged by ring 32 and maybe renewed as they Wear out. These blocks are tied together in proper operative relation with eccentric 28 by means of tie rods 40, the upper ends of whichv are threaded into disk 36 and the lower end of piston 17 and are locked in position by nuts 41. The lower ends of said rods are threaded and pass through apertures formed in disk 37 and are locked thereto by means of nuts 42 disposed on the oppositel sides of said disk'. Thus by turning nuts 42 in prop-er directions, disks 36 and 37 and their respective blocks can be adjusted in proper relation with eccentric 28.

The faces of bearing blocks 34 and 35 and bearing strips secured thereto are inclined from the horizontal in a predetermined angle with respect to t-he direction of rotation of eccentric 28 so as to compensate for the line of force directed by the eccentric against said blocks and which line of force is at an angle to the axis of the cylinder as shown by dotted lines a in Figure 4 andI cause said line of force exerted by said cccehtric against said bearing block to bedirected in a line parlli) lill) allel with the axis of the'piston as shown in full lines b in Figure 4. In this manner, the point at which the force is applied to the piston is moved relative to the axis of the piston in predetermined relation Awith the angle occupied by the eccentric, thereby maintaining said piston in perfect alignment with the cylinder and preventing binding action thereof. Eccentric 28 has formed integral therewith a tubular extension or sleeve 48 which is loosely mounted on shaft 29 and formed integral with one'end of said sleeve is a ring 43a to the periphery ofwhich is fixed a worm gear 43. This worm gear meshes with a worm 44 which is mounted on and operated through a shaft 45 which is journaled in bearings 46 formed 'integral with casing 10. Ring 43a is properly weighted as indicated at 43c so that the whole unit comprising eccentric 28, sleeve 43, and ring 43a are in perfect balance. Shaft 45 extends outwardly from .casing and has mounted on its end a. driven clutch member 47. Coaxially aligned with shaft is a motor shaft 48 which carries a fly wheel 49 and a driving clutch member 50. The interengagement of the clutch member is effected by centrifugally operating clutching mechanism 51 which, when the motor shaft attains its proper speed, operates friction members 52, causing the latter to engage driven clutch member 47, thus establishing driving connection between the motor and the compressor. The fly wheel 49 insures smooth running of the apparatus and assists thev motor in passing over the peak of the load.

Where the shaft 45 leaves the casing, a seal is provided to prevent the fluid from escaping therethrough. One form of the seal is shown in Figure 15 wherein a member 54 is fixed to shaft 45 and is provided on one side with a convex o r semi-spherical member which has a bearing in a concave seat formed in the member 56 which is loosely arranged on said shaft within one of the bearings 45. This end of the bearing is closed by a threaded member 57 which extends into said bearing and is spaced from member 56 by a series of washers loosely mounted on said shaft and interposed between the ends of member 56 and bearing 57. Semi-spherical member 55 is held to its seat under pressure by means of a coiled spring 58 one end of which bears against member 54 and the other-end of which is seated in a recess formed in worm 44. vWorm 44 is in A c um,

operative engagement with member 54 which is fixed to shaft 45 by a suitable clutch 59.

The outer end of the opposite bearing 46 is closed-by a cap piece 60, which is seated in said bearing. Thus not only a fluid-tight seal is provided for the shaft but a. driving connection is established which may be easily assembled and disassembled when lso required.-

The peripheral wall of casing 10 is tapped a suitable distance above the center line and receives the end of an inlet or low pressure pipe 61. The joint between the cylinder head. 16 and cylinder 15 is provided with a packing 62 and end plates 31 are sealed in position in casing 10 by packing 64.. Tubular extension 11 is provided at its extreme lower end with a drain plug 65 through which the lubricant contained in the casing may be drained.

In Figure 18 is vshown a modified form of the actuating mechanism wherein an eccentric 28 is provided with anti-friction means for operating the bloc-ks 34 and 35.

This anti-friction means comprises an in- "ner ring 66 fixed to the eccentric and having circumferentially disposed ball bearing 67 cooperating with an outer ring 68. This last ring. bears against the blocks and has a rolling vcontact therewith while the eccentric operates within and actua-tes said ring 68. 1

The stud shaft `29 is rigidly fixed in positionand the eccentric is preferably provided With an integrally formed tubular member 43 which is loosely mounted on said shaft. In this manner an efficient bearing is provided for the eccentric wherein the bearing I propcr aligncate4 the operating parts contained therein.

A compressor constructed in accordance with my invention contains but few parts which are of rigid and durable construction, thereby reducing to minimum -the danger of the compressor getting out of order-and the operating parts thereof mounted so as to eliminate all vibration and 'strains so that the machine is noiseless in operation.v

While I have shown and described the preferred form of my invention, it is obvious that changes in the construction and arrangement of'parts can be made and substituted for those herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A. fiuid compressor comprising in combination a cylindrical casing having a radial tubular extension, a piston operating in said extension, la stationary shaft arranged in said casing, a sleeve journalled on said shaft. an eccentric formed integral vwith said sleeve, an. adjustable bearingblock secured to' the lower end of said piston andhaving a facel engaged by said eccentric, said face being inclined with respect to the line of travel of said piston and the direction of rotation of said eccentric, a guide diametrically opposed to said piston and operating in guideways formed in said casing. a removable bearing block secured to the upper end of said guide and having an inclined face engaged by said eccentric, and tie rods connecting said blocks together, said blocks being tapered' longitudinally in a predetermined relation to the direction of travel of said eccentric.

2. A iiuid compressor comprising` in combination a cylindrical casing having a tubular extension, a piston operating in said extension, a stationary shaft, means for securing said shaft to the ends of said casing, a sleeve journalled on said shaft, an eccentric fixed on said sleeve, a removable bearing block secured to the lower end of said piston and having an inclined face engaged by saidy eccentric, said face being inclined upwardly with respect to the direction of travel of aid piston and the direction of rotation of said eccentric, a guide diametrically opposed to said piston and operating in guideways formed in `said casing, a removable bearing block secured to the upper end of said guide and having an inclined face engaged by said eccentric, and tie rods detachably connectl ing said blocks together, the faces of said bearing blocks being inclined in order to bring the line ofopgerating'pressure exerted by the eccentric against the piston in parallelism with the l,axis thereof.

3. A, fluidcompressor comprising in combination a-housing provided with a cylindical extension, a piston operating therein, a stud shaft fixed in said housmg, an eccentric revolubly mounted on said shaft, a bearing block fixed to the inner end of said piston, anda bearing plate removably fixed to said'bearing block and forn'iing` a track portion on which said eccentric operates` said bearing plate being provided with an inclined face vengageable byy said eccentric and inclined upwardly with respect to the directionfof travel ofvsaid piston and the direction of rotationvof said eccentric, whereby the line of operating pressure exerted by said eccentric against said piston is in parallelism-With the longitudinal axis of said piston.

4. A fluidcompressor comprising in combination a cylindrical housing, end plates detachably secured thereto, bosses formed integral with said end plates and Aprojecting inwardly therefrom, a cylinder extending radially from said housing, a piston operating therein, a stud shaft arranged longitudinally in said housingandhaving its ends removably disposed in said` bosses, means for securing the ends of said shaft in positions in the bosses of the respective end plates, an vactuating member in operative engagement with said piston and provided with a tubular bearing loosely mounted on said shaft, a worm gear fixed to said tubular bearing, a drive shaft journalled in said housing and a worm carried by said shaft and meshing with said worm gear.

5. A fluid compressor comprising in combination a cylindrical housing, end plates detachably secured thereto, bosses formed integral 'with said end plates and projecting inwardly therefrom, a cylinder formed integral with and extending outwardly from said housing, a detachable cylinder head for said cylinder,V a piston operating in said cylinder,ra stationary shaft detachably supported in said housing by said bosses, screws seated in said end plates and screw-threaded into the ends of said shaft for securing the latter in position, a piston actuating member journalled on said shaft, means for operating said member, and a base detachably secured to the lower end of said housing.

6. A-tiuid compres-sor comprising in combination a housing having formed integral therewith a pair of diametrically opposed tubular extensions, one of which forms a compression chamber, a cylinder head for closing the vouter end of said chamber, a stationary shaft arranged in said housing, screws seated in the ends of said housing and screw-seated in the ends of said shaft for rigidly securing the latter in position, an

eccentric operatively mounted on said shaft,

a. pair of diametrically opposed bearing blocks tangentially disposed relative to the periphery of said eccentric, and tie rods for connecting said blocks together in operative relation to said eccentric, one of said blocks being secured to the inner end of said piston, said blocks being provided with eccentric engaging faces inclined with respect to the direction of travel of said piston and the direction of rotation of said eccentric, whereby the line of operating pressure exerted by said eccentric against said piston is in parallelism with the axis of said piston.

7. A fluid compressor coniprising in combination a housing having formed integral therewith a pair of dian'ietrically opposed tubular extensions, onev of which forms a compression chamber, a cylinder head for closing the outer end of said chamber, a stationary shaft arranged in said housing, screws seated in the ends of said housing and screw-seated inthe ends of said shaft for rigidly securing the latter in position, an eccentric operatively lmounted on said shaft, a pair 'of diametrically opposed bearing blocks'tangentially disposed relative to the periphery of said eccentric, tie rods for connecting said blocks-together in operative relation to said eccentric, one of said blocks being secured to the inner end of said piston, said blocks being provided with eccenlmxclv Hm line 0f Operating 1v1-assur@ 0xm-iml by snirl eccontlic against safl piston i in parallelism with the nxis 0f Suid pist0n, u lmSC (letaclmlly secured to the open JOHN 0. GARI-gEY. 

